Terms of Reference for the Audit Committee
Policy & Guidelines
PurposeThe Audit Committee is constituted by the Board and is responsible for assisting the Board in discharging its responsibilities for monitoring the integrity of the Company’s financial statements and the effectiveness of the systems of internal controls and to monitor the effectiveness, performance and objectivity of the external auditors.
1. Membership
1.1 The Committee shall comprise at least three members, all of whom shall be independent non-executive directors. At least one member shall have recent and relevant financial experience and the Committee as a whole shall have competence relevant to the sector in which the company operates. The Chair of the Board shall not be a member of the Committee.
1.2 Members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Board, on the recommendation of the nomination Committee in consultation with the Chair of the audit Committee. Appointments shall be for a period of up to three years which may be extended provided members continue to be independent.
1.3 Only members of the Committee have the right to attend Committee meetings. However, the Board Chair, CEO, CFO and external audit lead partner will be invited to attend meetings of the Committee on a regular basis and other individuals may be invited to attend all or part of any meeting as and when appropriate.
1.4 The Board shall appoint the Committee Chair. In the absence of the Committee Chair and/or an appointed deputy at a Committee meeting, the remaining members present shall elect one of themselves to Chair the meeting.
2. Secretary
The Company Secretary, or their nominee, shall act as the Secretary of the Committee and will ensure that the Committee receives information and papers in a timely manner to enable full and proper consideration to be given to issues.
3. Quorum
The quorum necessary for the transaction of business shall be three members, at least one of whom shall have relevant and recent financial experience.
4. Frequency of meetings
4.1 The Committee shall meet at least twice a year at appropriate intervals in the financial reporting and audit cycle and otherwise as required.
4.2 Outside of the formal meeting programme, the Committee Chair will maintain a dialogue with key individuals involved in the company’s governance, including the Board Chair, CEO, CFOO, and external audit lead partner.
5. Notice of meetings
5.1 Meetings of the Committee shall be called by the Secretary of the Committee at the request of the Committee Chair or any of its members, or at the request of the external audit lead partner or head of internal audit if they consider it necessary.
5.2 Unless otherwise agreed, notice of each meeting confirming the venue, time and date together with an agenda of items to be discussed, shall be forwarded to each member of the Committee and any other person required to attend no later than three working days before the date of the meeting. Supporting papers shall be sent to Committee members and to other attendees, as appropriate, at the same time.
6. Minutes of meetings
6.1 The Secretary shall minute the proceedings and decisions of all Committee meetings, including recording the names of those present and in attendance.
6.2 Draft minutes of Committee meetings shall be circulated to all members of the Committee. Once approved, minutes should be circulated to all other members of the Board and the Company Secretary unless, exceptionally, it would be inappropriate to do so.
7. Engagement with shareholders
The Committee Chair should attend the annual general meeting to answer any shareholder questions on the Committee’s activities. In addition, the Committee Chair should seek engagement with shareholders on significant matters related to the Committee’s areas of responsibility.
8. Duties
The Committee should have oversight of the group as a whole and, unless required otherwise by regulation, carry out the duties below for the parent company, major subsidiary undertakings and the group as a whole, as appropriate.
8.1 Financial reporting
8.1.1 The Committee shall monitor the integrity of the financial statements of the company, including its annual and half-yearly reports, preliminary announcements and any other formal statements relating to its financial performance, and review and report to the Board on significant financial reporting issues and judgements which those statements contain taking into consideration reports from the external auditor and information from management.
8.1.2 In particular, the Committee shall review and challenge where necessary:
8.1.2.1 the application of significant accounting policies and any changes to them;
8.1.2.2 the methods used to account for significant or unusual transactions where different approaches are possible;
8.1.2.3 whether the company has adopted appropriate accounting policies and made appropriate estimates and judgements, taking into account the external auditor’s views;
8.1.2.4 the clarity and completeness of disclosures in the financial statements and the context in which statements are made; and
8.1.2.5 all material information presented with the financial statements, including the strategic report and the corporate governance statements relating to the audit and to risk management;
8.1.2.6 any significant adjustments resulting from the audit (including any adjustments proposed by the auditors that have not been adopted); and
8.1.2.7 the reasonableness of assumptions made in support of the going concern statement and the longer-term viability statement.
8.1.3 Where practicable and consistent with prompt reporting requirements under law or any regulation, the Committee shall review any statements requiring Board approval which contain financial information first.
8.1.4 Where the Committee is not satisfied with any aspect of the proposed financial reporting by the company, it shall report its views to the Board.
8.2 Narrative reporting
Where requested by the Board, the Committee should review the content of the annual report and accounts and advise the Board on whether, taken as a whole, it is fair, balanced and understandable and provides the information necessary for shareholders to assess the company’s performance, business model and strategy and whether it informs the Board’s statement in the annual report on these matters that is required under the Code.
8.3 Internal financial controls and risk management systems
The committee shall:
8.3.1 keep under review the company’s internal financial controls systems that identify, assess, manage, and monitor financial risks, and other internal control and risk management systems; and
8.3.2 review and approve the statements to be included in the annual report concerning internal control, risk management, including the assessment of principal risks and emerging risks, and the viability statement.
8.4 Compliance, speaking-up and fraud
The Committee shall:
8.4.1 review the adequacy of the company’s arrangements for its employees and others to raise concerns, in confidence, about possible wrongdoing in financial reporting or other matters. The Committee shall ensure that such arrangements allow proportionate and independent investigation of such matters and appropriate follow up action; and
8.4.2 review the company’s systems and controls for the prevention of bribery and receive reports on non-compliance.
8.5 External audit
The Committee shall:
8.5.1 consider and make recommendations to the Board, to be put to shareholders for approval at the AGM, in relation to the appointment, re-appointment and removal of the company’s external auditor;
8.5.2 develop and oversee the selection procedure for the appointment of the audit firm in accordance with applicable requirements, ensuring that all tendering firms have access to all necessary information and individuals during the tendering process;
8.5.3 if an external auditor resigns, investigate the issues leading to this and decide whether any action is required;
8.5.4 oversee the relationship with the external auditor. In this context the Committee shall:
8.5.4.1 review and approve their remuneration (both for audit and non-audit services) and ensure that such fees are appropriate to enable an effective and high-quality audit to be conducted;
8.5.4.2 review and approve their terms of engagement, including any engagement letter issued at the start of each audit and the scope of the audit;
8.5.5 assess annually the external auditor’s independence and objectivity taking into account relevant law, regulation, the Ethical Standard and other professional requirements and the group’s relationship with the auditor as a whole, including any threats to the auditor’s independence and the safeguards applied to mitigate those threats including the provision of any non-audit services;
8.5.6 assess annually the qualifications, expertise and resources, and independence of the external auditor and the effectiveness of the external audit process, which shall include a report from the external auditor on their own internal quality procedures;
8.5.7 evaluate the risks to the quality and effectiveness of the financial reporting process in the light of the external auditor’s communications with the Committee;
8.5.8 develop and recommend to the Board the company’s formal policy on the provision of non-audit services by the auditor, including prior approval of non-audit services by the Committee and specifying the types of non-audit service to be preapproved, and assessment of whether non-audit services have a direct or material effect on the audited financial statements
8.5.9 meet regularly with the external auditor (including once at the planning stage before the audit and once after the audit at the reporting stage) and, at least once a year, meet with the external auditor without management being present, to discuss the auditor’s remit and any issues arising from the audit;
8.5.10 discuss with the external auditor the factors that could affect audit quality and review and approve the annual audit plan, ensuring it is consistent with the scope of the audit engagement, having regard to the seniority, expertise and experience of the audit team;
8.5.11 review the findings of the audit with the external auditor. This shall include but not be limited to: (i) a discussion of any major issues which arose during the audit; (ii) the auditor’s explanation of how the risks to audit quality were addressed; (iii) key accounting and audit judgements; (iv) the auditor’s view of their interactions with senior management; and (v) levels of errors identified during the audit.
8.5.12 review any representation letter(s) requested by the external auditor before it is (they are) signed by management;
8.5.13 review the management letter and management’s response to the auditor’s findings and recommendations; and
8.5.14 review the effectiveness of the audit process, including an assessment of the quality of the audit, the handling of key judgements by the auditor, and the auditor’s response to questions from the Committee.
9. Reporting responsibilities
9.1 The Committee Chair shall report formally to the Board on its proceedings after each meeting on all matters within its duties and responsibilities and shall also formally report to the Board on how it has discharged its responsibilities. This report shall include:
9.1.1 the significant issues that it considered in relation to the financial statements and how these were addressed;
9.1.2 its assessment of the effectiveness of the external audit process, the approach taken to the appointment or reappointment of the external auditor, length of tenure of audit firm, when a tender was last conducted and advance notice of any retendering plans; and
9.1.3 any other issues on which the Board has requested the Committee’s opinion.
9.2 The Committee shall make whatever recommendations to the Board it deems appropriate on any area within its remit where action or improvement is needed.
9.3 The Committee shall compile a report on its activities to be included in the company’s annual report. The report should describe the work of the audit Committee, including:
9.3.1 the significant issues that the Committee considered in relation to the financial statements and how these issues were addressed;
9.3.2 an explanation of how the Committee has assessed the independence and effectiveness of the external audit process and the approach taken to the appointment or reappointment of the external auditor, information on the length of tenure of the current audit firm, when a tender was last conducted and advance notice of any retendering plans; and
9.3.3 an explanation of how auditor independence and objectivity are safeguarded if the external auditor provides non-audit services.
9.4 In compiling the reports referred to above, the Committee should exercise judgement in deciding which of the issues it considers in relation to the financial statements are significant, but should include at least those matters that have informed the Board’s assessment of whether the company is a going concern and the inputs to the Board’s viability statement.
10. Other Matters
The Committee shall:
10.1 have access to sufficient resources in order to carry out its duties, including access to the company secretariat for advice and assistance as required;
10.2 be provided with appropriate and timely training, both in the form of an induction programme for new members and on an ongoing basis for all members;
10.3 give due consideration to all relevant laws and regulations;
10.4 be responsible for oversight of the coordination of the external auditor;
10.5 oversee any investigation of activities which are within its terms of reference;
10.6 ensure that a periodic evaluation of the Committee’s performance is carried out; and
10.7 at least annually, review its constitution and terms of reference to ensure it is operating at maximum effectiveness and recommend any changes it considers necessary to the Board for approval.
11. Authority
The Committee is authorised to:
11.1 seek any information it requires from any employee of the company in order to perform its duties;
11.2 obtain, at the company’s expense, independent legal, accounting or other professional advice on any matter if it believes it necessary to do so;
11.3 call any employee to be questioned at a meeting of the Committee as and when required; and
11.4 have the right to publish in the company’s annual report, details of any issues that cannot be resolved between the Committee and the Board.
Approved: 8 November 2023